Alcuronium

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Alcuronium
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4,4'-Didemethyl-4,4'-di-propenyltoxiferin-1-dichloride
Identifiers
CAS number	23214-96-2
ATC code	M03AA01
PubChem	10010215
Chemical data
Formula	C44H50Cl2N4O2
Mol. mass	737.7994
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	70-90% unchanged in urine 1.3ml/kg/min t1/2 2- 4 hours
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Contents 1 Description 2 General Properties 3 Effects 4 Kinetics 5 Special points 6 External Links

[edit] Description

A non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant similar to TUBOCURARINE. It is used as an anesthesia adjuvant. Alcuronium is a peripherally acting muscle relaxant in the curare alkaloid family. It is a semi-synthetic substance derived from toxiferine.

Use - Intubation and ventilation

Action - NDMB post synapthis n2 receptor

Dose .2 - .5 mg/kg ivi

[edit] General Properties

*Molecular Weight

737.7994

*Molecular Formula

C₄₄H₅₀Cl₂N₄O₂

*IUPAC NAME

4,4'-Didemethyl-4,4'-di-propenyltoxiferin-1-dichloride

*Canonical Smiles

C=CC[N+]12CCC34C1CC(C(=CCO)C2)C5=CN6C7C(=CN(C53)C8=CC=CC=C48)C9CC1C7(CC[N+]1(CC9=CCO)CC=C)C1=CC=CC=C16.[Cl-].[Cl-]

*Isomeric Smiles

C=CC[N+]12CCC34C1CC(/C(=CCO)/C2)/C/5=C/N6C7/C(=CN(C53)C8=CC=CC=C48)/C9CC1C7(CC[N+]1(C/C9=C/CO)CC=C)C1=CC=CC=C16.[Cl-].[Cl-]

*XLogP

N/A

*Topological Polar Surface Area

46.9

[edit] Effects

• Cardiovascular system - histamine release and blockage of the sympathetic ganglia including adrenal medulla could cause Hypotension

• Respiratory - apnea due to phrenic blockage but bronchoconstriction can occur from the histamine release

• Central nervous system - no effect on intraoccular pressure

• Autonomic ganglion blockade can cause decrease in gut motility

[edit] Kinetics

• Poor oral absorption

• Distribution - 40 % protein bound Volume of Distribution .37l/kg. Does cross placenta ratio .6

• Metabolism - not metabolized

• Excretion

70 - 90% unchanged in urine 1.3ml/kg/min t1/2 2- 4 hours

[edit] Special points

• Duration of action prolonger in states of low potassium, calcium and protein, also in states of high magnesium and acidosis.
• Pharmaceutically incompatible with thiopentone

Infusion can cause fixed dilated pupils

[edit] External Links

• Pubchem

Link to BIAdb Database

• Zahn K, Eckstein N, Tränkle C, Sadée W, Mohr K (2002). "Allosteric modulation of muscarinic receptor signaling: alcuronium-induced conversion of pilocarpine from an agonist into an antagonist.". J Pharmacol Exp Ther 301 (2): 720–8. doi:10.1124/jpet.301.2.720. PMID 11961078. 
• Maass A, Mohr K (1996). "Opposite effects of alcuronium on agonist and on antagonist binding to muscarinic receptors.". Eur J Pharmacol 305 (1-3): 231–4. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(96)00240-3. PMID 8813558. 
• Jakubík J, Tucek S (1994). "Protection by alcuronium of muscarinic receptors against chemical inactivation and location of the allosteric binding site for alcuronium.". J Neurochem 63 (5): 1932–40. PMID 7931349.