Acetylcholine

From DrugPedia: A Wikipedia for Drug discovery

Acetylcholine Pubchem(187)

A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications.

Therapeutic Uses

• vasodilator
• cardiovascular agent

Drug Type: Small Molecule; Experimental

KEGG Pathway(C01996)

• Glycerophospholipid metabolism
• Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
• Regulation of actin cytoskeleton

List of PDB files having estriol as a Ligand:

MMDB ID	PDB ID	Reference
40549	2HA4	Bourne Y, Radic Z, Sulzenbacher G, Kim E, Taylor P, Marchot PSubstrate and product trafficking through the active center gorge of acetylcholinesterase analyzed by crystallography and equilibrium bindingJ. Biol. Chem. v281, p.29256-29267
43955	2J0H	Garlatti V, Belloy N, Martin L, Lacroix M, Matsushita M, Endo Y, Fujita T, Fontecilla-Camps JC, Arlaud GJ, Thielens NM, Gaboriaud CStructural insights into the innate immune recognition specificities of L- and H-ficolinsEMBO J. v26, p.623-633
66998	2RIN	Oswald C, Smits SH, Hoing M, Sohn-Bosser L, Dupont L, Le Rudulier D, Schmitt L, Bremer ECrystal structures of the choline/acetylcholine substrate binding protein ChoX from Sinorhizobium meliloti in the liganded and unliganded closed statesJ. Biol. Chem. v, p.

Toxicity:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	170mg/kg (170mg/kg)		Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 192, Pg. 88, 1971.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	11mg/kg (11mg/kg)		Archiv fuer Toxikologie. Vol. 29, Pg. 39, 1972.
rabbit	LD50	intravenous	300ug/kg (0.3mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 39, 1973.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	250mg/kg (250mg/kg)		BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 80, Pg. 171, 1944.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	250mg/kg (250mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 29, 1973.