Insulin receptor precursor7101)
From DrugPedia: A Wikipedia for Drug discovery
Contents |
Source Organism
Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxomomy
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Subcellular Localization
Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Developmental Stage
Similarity
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily. Contains 2 fibronectin type-III domains. Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Post translational Modification
After being transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, the single glycosylated precursor is further glycosylated and then cleaved, followed by its transport to the plasma membrane. Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to insulin. Phosphorylation of Tyr-999 is required for IRS1- and SHC1- binding.
Function
This receptor binds insulin and has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Isoform Short has a higher affinity for insulin. Mediates the metabolic functions of insulin. Binding to insulin stimulates association of the receptor with downstream mediators including IRS1 and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K). Can activate PI3K either directly by binding to the p85 regulatory subunit, or indirectly via IRS1.
