Estriol

From DrugPedia: A Wikipedia for Drug discovery

Show 3-D Structure

Estriol Pubchem(5756) (also oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body. It is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the placenta. In pregnant women with multiple sclerosis (MS), estriol reduces the disease's symptoms noticeably, according to researchers at UCLA's Geffen Medical School.

A hydroxylated metabolite of ESTRADIOL or ESTRONE that has a hydroxyl group at C3-beta, 16-alpha, and 17-beta position. Estriol is a major urinary estrogen. During PREGNANCY, large amount of estriol is produced by the PLACENTA. Isomers with inversion of the hydroxyl group or groups are called epiestriol.

Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved

Pharmacology: Estriol (also oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body. It is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the placenta. In pregnant women with multiple sclerosis (MS), estriol reduces the disease's symptoms noticeably, according to researchers at UCLA's Geffen Medical School.

Mechanism of Action: Estriol levels can be measured to give an indication of the general health of the fetus. DHEA-S is produced by the adrenal cortex of the fetus. This is converted to estriol by the placenta. If levels of 'unconjugated estriol' are abnormally low in a pregnant woman, this may indicate a problem with the development of the child.

Indication: Used as a test to determine the general health of an unborn fetus.

KEGG Pathway(C05141,D00185)

• Androgen and estrogen metabolism

Target estrogen receptor (ER) agonist

Activity Estrogen

List of PDB files having estriol as a Ligand:

MMDB ID	PDB ID	Reference
30668	1X8V	Podust LM, Yermalitskaya LV, Lepesheva GI, Podust VN, Dalmasso EA, Waterman MREstriol bound and ligand-free structures of sterol 14alpha-demethylaseStructure v12, p.1937-1945

Physiochemical properties of Estriol:

Physical Property	Value	Units	Temp (deg C)	Source
Melting Point	282	deg C		EXP
log P (octanol-water)	2.45	(none)		EXP
Water Solubility	441	mg/L	25	EST
Vapor Pressure	1.97E-10	mm Hg	25	EST
Henry's Law Constant	1.33E-12	atm-m3/mole	25	EST
Atmospheric OH Rate Constant	1.29E-10	cm3/molecule-sec	25	EST

Toxicity:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
rat	LD50	oral	> 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 176, 1990.

Levels of estriol in non-pregnant women do not change much after menopause, and levels are not significantly different from levels in men.

Use in screening

Estriol levels can be measured to give an indication of the general health of the fetus. DHEA-S is produced by the adrenal cortex of the fetus. This is converted to estriol by the placenta.

If levels of "unconjugated estriol" are abnormally low in a pregnant woman, this may indicate a chrmosomal or congenital anomalies like Down's syndrome or Edward's syndrome. It is included as part of the triple test & quadrupole test for antenatal screening for fetal anomalies.

Because many pathological conditions in a pregnant woman can cause deviations in estriol levels, these screenings are often seen as less definitive of fetal-placental health than non-stress testing. Conditions which can create false-positives and false-negatives in estriol testing for fetal distress include preeclampsia, anemia and impaired kidney function.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

References

<references/>

Template:Med-stub Template:Sex hormones