Epinephrine

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Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
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! style="background:brown; color:white" |Organism  
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|cat
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|LDLo
|LDLo
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|LD50
|LD50
|subcutaneous
|subcutaneous
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|1470ug/kg (1.47mg/kg)  
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|1470ug/kg (1.47mg/kg)  
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|Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 202, Pg. 658, 1943.
|Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 202, Pg. 658, 1943.
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|LDLo
|LDLo
|oral
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|50mg/kg (50mg/kg)  
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|50mg/kg (50mg/kg)
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|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
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|LDLo
|LDLo
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|30mg/kg (30mg/kg)  
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|30mg/kg (30mg/kg)  
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|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
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|LD50
|LD50
|intramuscular
|intramuscular
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|3500mg/kg (3500mg/kg)  
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|3500mg/kg (3500mg/kg)  
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|  
|"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 105, 1973.
|"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 105, 1973.
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|LD50
|LD50
|intravenous
|intravenous
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|150ug/kg (0.15mg/kg)  
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|150ug/kg (0.15mg/kg)  
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|  
|Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 41, Pg. 365, 1931.
|Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 41, Pg. 365, 1931.
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|LDLo
|LDLo
|oral
|oral
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|30mg/kg (30mg/kg)  
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|30mg/kg (30mg/kg)
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|  
|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
|"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
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Revision as of 08:53, 5 November 2008

Epinephrine Pubchem(5816)

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the adrenal medulla in most species. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels. It is used in asthma and cardiac failure and to delay absorption of local anesthetics.

KEGG Pathway(C00788,D00095)

  • Tyrosine metabolism
  • Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Target

  • alpha1a-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • alpha1b-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • alpha1d-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • alpha2a-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • alpha2b-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • alpha2c-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist
  • beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist

Activity Adrenergic [vasoconstrictor]

Physiochemical properties of Estriol:
Physical Property Value Units Temp (deg C) Source
Melting Point 211.5 deg C EXP
pKa Dissociation Constant 8.59 (none) 25 EXP
log P (octanol-water) (-1.37E+00) (none) EXP
Water Solubility 180 mg/L 20 EXP
Vapor Pressure 7.37E-07 mm Hg 25 EST
Henry's Law Constant 7.06E-19 atm-m3/mole 25 EST
Atmospheric OH Rate Constant 1.38E-10 cm3/molecule-sec 25 EST
Toxicity:
Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
cat LDLo intravenous 500ug/kg (0.5mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
cat LDLo subcutaneous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
dog LD50 intravenous 100ug/kg (0.1mg/kg) Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 120, 1982.
dog LD50 subcutaneous 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 120, 1982.
dog LDLo parenteral 5ug/kg (0.005mg/kg) CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION) Pharmacology: International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. Vol. 1, Pg. 189, 1968.
guinea pig LDLo intravenous 100ug/kg (0.1mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
guinea pig LDLo subcutaneous 800ug/kg (0.8mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
infant TDLo multiple routes 625ug/kg/I (0.625mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS

KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER

"CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 78, Pg. 874, 1985.
man LDLo subcutaneous 7ug/kg (0.007mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: OTHER DEGENERATIVE CHANGES

CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES

Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 28, Pg. 725, 1996.
man TDLo intramuscular 2ug/kg (0.002mg/kg) VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR CONSTRICTION American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 8, Pg. 46, 1990.
man TDLo intravenous 16ug/kg (0.016mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"

CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE

VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION

American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 5, Pg. 64, 1987.
man TDLo intravenous 285ug/kg (0.285mg/kg) CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 7, Pg. 485, 1989.
man TDLo intravenous 3mg/kg (3mg/kg) VASCULAR: CONTRACTION (ISOLATED TISSUES) American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 8, Pg. 46, 1990.
man TDLo oral 77mg/kg (77mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING

Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 19, Pg. 671, 1990.
man TDLo subcutaneous 8571ng/kg/80M (0.008571mg/kg) CARDIAC: CARDIOMYOPATHY INCLUDING INFARCTION American Heart Journal. Vol. 111, Pg. 1193, 1986.
man TDLo subcutaneous 43ug/kg (0.043mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP

GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING

SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): SWEATING: OTHER

Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 19, Pg. 680, 1990.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 4mg/kg (4mg/kg) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 90, Pg. 110, 1947.
mouse LD50 intravenous 217ug/kg (0.217mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)

CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP

SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER

Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 38, Pg. 474, 1976.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 1470ug/kg (1.47mg/kg) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 202, Pg. 658, 1943.
mouse LDLo oral 50mg/kg (50mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
mouse LDLo unreported 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 162, Pg. 46, 1931.
rabbit LD50 intravenous 50ug/kg (0.05mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 71, Pg. 554, 1941.
rabbit LD50 subcutaneous 4mg/kg (4mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 71, Pg. 554, 1941.
rabbit LDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
rat LD50 intramuscular 3500mg/kg (3500mg/kg) "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 105, 1973.
rat LD50 intravenous 150ug/kg (0.15mg/kg) Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 41, Pg. 365, 1931.
rat LD50 skin 62mg/kg (62mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 8(4), Pg. 30, 1964.
rat LD50 subcutaneous 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 71, Pg. 554, 1941.
rat LDLo intraperitoneal 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 88, Pg. 268, 1946.
rat LDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1948.
women TDLo intravenous 6ug/kg (0.006mg/kg) CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION) British Medical Journal. Vol. 286, Pg. 519, 1983.
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