Bacteroides gingivalis
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Bacteroides gingivalis
Also known as Porphyromonas gingivalis is a non-motile, gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic pathogenic bacterium. This bacterium produces a cell bound, oxygen sensitive collagenase and is isolated from the human mouth.It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in certain forms of periodontal disease, as well as the upper gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and in the colon.
| Kingdom | Bacteria |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Bacteroidetes |
| Class | Bacteroidia |
| Order | Bacteroidales |
| Family | Porphyromonadaceae |
| Genus | Bacteroides |
| Species | B. gingivalis |
| Binomial | Bacteroides gingivalis |
[edit] Pathogenic Activity
In the focal regions of adult patients with severe periodontal disease, gram negative bacteria are detected in most cases among which Bacteroides gingivalis is separated in specially high frequency. Collagen degradation that is observed in Chronic Periodontal Disease results in part from the collagenase enzymes of this species. Additionally Porphyromonas gingivalis has been linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis. Porphyromonas gingivalis contains the PAD (Peptidyl-Arginine Deaminase) which is involved in citrullination. Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis have an increased incidence of periodontal disease and antibodies to the bacterium are significantly more common in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
