Serotonin

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(New page: '''Serotonin''' Pubchem(5202) A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system,...)
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'''Serotonin'''
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Pubchem(5202)
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A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
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<table align='right' border=1>
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'''KEGG Pathway'''(C00780)
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<tr><td>
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*Tryptophan metabolism
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<jmol><jmolApplet>
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*Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
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<size>200</size>
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*Gap junction
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<script>spin on;color atoms amino;</script>
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*Serotonin receptor agonists/antagonists
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<uploadedFileContents>NPH330.SDF</uploadedFileContents>
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<color>black</color>
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</jmolApplet>
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</jmol>
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</td></tr></table>
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==Description==
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A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential  amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the  central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets.  Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including  neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and  cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS,  SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of  this biochemical mediator.
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==General Properties==
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<b>*Molecular Weight</b>
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|59445
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|2QEH
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|Mans BJ, Calvo E, Ribeiro JM, Andersen JFThe Crystal Structure of D7r4, a Salivary Biogenic Amine-binding Protein from the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiaeJ. Biol. Chem. v282, p.36626-36633
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|-
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|63512
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|3BRN
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|Mans BJ, Ribeiro JM, Andersen JFStructure, function, and evolution of biogenic amine-binding proteins in soft ticksJ. Biol. Chem. v283, p.18721-18733
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|-
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Physical Property  Value  Units  Temp (deg C)  Source
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|Melting Point
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|167.5
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|deg C
 +
|
 +
|EXP
 +
|-
 +
|pKa
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|Dissociation Constant
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|9.97
 +
|(none)
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|25
 +
|EXP
 +
|-
 +
|log P (octanol-water)
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|0.21
 +
|(none)  
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|EXP
 +
|-
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|Water Solubility
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|2.00E+04
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|mg/L
 +
|27
 +
|EXP
 +
|-
 +
|Vapor Pressure
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|1.91E-06
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|mm Hg
 +
|25
 +
|EST
 +
|-
 +
|Henry's Law Constant
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|1.39E-14
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|atm-m3/mole
 +
|25
 +
|EST
 +
|-
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|Atmospheric OH Rate Constant
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|2.33E-10
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|cm3/molecule-sec
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|25
 +
|EST
 +
|-
 +
|}
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Organism  Test Type  Route  Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)  Effect  Source
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|cat
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|LDLo
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|intravenous
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|5mg/kg (5mg/kg)
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|CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
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176.22
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LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963.
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|-
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|guinea pig
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|LD50
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|intravenous
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|12800ug/kg (12.8mg/kg)  
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|Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 168, Pg. 373, 1967.
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|-
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|mouse
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|LD50
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|intramuscular
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|750mg/kg (750mg/kg)  
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|Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 112, Pg. 319, 1957.
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|-
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|mouse
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|LD50
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|intraperitoneal
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|160mg/kg (160mg/kg)  
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|Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Vol. 17, Pg. 31, 1973.
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|-
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|mouse
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|LD50
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|intravenous
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|81mg/kg (81mg/kg)
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|BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
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<b>*Molecular Formula</b>
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BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963.
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|-
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|mouse
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|LD50
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|oral
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|60mg/kg (60mg/kg)  
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|Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. Vol. (3), Pg. 61, 1985.
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|-
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|mouse
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|LD50
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|subcutaneous
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|601mg/kg (601mg/kg)
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|BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
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C<sub>1</sub><sub>0</sub>H<sub>1</sub><sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O
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BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
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<b>*IUPAC NAME</b>
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GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
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|Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963.
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3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
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|-
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|mouse
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<b>*Canonical Smiles</b>
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|LD50
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|unreported
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C1=CC2=C(C=C1O)C(=CN2)CCN
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|250mg/kg (250mg/kg)  
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|"CRC Handbook of Antibiotic Compounds," Vols.1- , Berdy, J., Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1980Vol. 8(1), Pg. 122, 1982.
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<b>*Isomeric Smiles</b>
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|-
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|rat
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|LD50
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|intravenous
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|30mg/kg (30mg/kg)  
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==PhysioChemical Properties==
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|Psychopharmacology Service Center, Bulletin. Vol. 2, Pg. 17, 1963.
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|-
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<b>*Melting Point</b>
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|rat
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|LD50
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167.5(EXP)
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|subcutaneous
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|285mg/kg (285mg/kg)  
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<b>*LogP</b>
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|Psychopharmacology Service Center, Bulletin. Vol. 2, Pg. 17, 1963.
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|-
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0.21(EXP)
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|}
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<b>*Water Solubility</b>
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2.00E+04(EXP)
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==External Links==
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*[http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5202]Pubchem
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*[http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/cgi/explore.cgi?pdbId=2QEH]]2QEH,[[http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/cgi/explore.cgi?pdbId=3BRN]]3BRN,
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*[http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?compound+C00780]KEGG Compound
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*[http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB00259]Human Metabolome DataBase
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[[Categories:Hormones]]
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Revision as of 06:24, 5 November 2008

Serotonin Pubchem(5202)

A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.

KEGG Pathway(C00780)

  • Tryptophan metabolism
  • Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
  • Gap junction
  • Serotonin receptor agonists/antagonists

|59445 |2QEH |Mans BJ, Calvo E, Ribeiro JM, Andersen JFThe Crystal Structure of D7r4, a Salivary Biogenic Amine-binding Protein from the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiaeJ. Biol. Chem. v282, p.36626-36633 |- |63512 |3BRN |Mans BJ, Ribeiro JM, Andersen JFStructure, function, and evolution of biogenic amine-binding proteins in soft ticksJ. Biol. Chem. v283, p.18721-18733 |- Physical Property Value Units Temp (deg C) Source |Melting Point |167.5 |deg C | |EXP |- |pKa |Dissociation Constant |9.97 |(none) |25 |EXP |- |log P (octanol-water) |0.21 |(none) |EXP |- |Water Solubility |2.00E+04 |mg/L |27 |EXP |- |Vapor Pressure |1.91E-06 |mm Hg |25 |EST |- |Henry's Law Constant |1.39E-14 |atm-m3/mole |25 |EST |- |Atmospheric OH Rate Constant |2.33E-10 |cm3/molecule-sec |25 |EST |- |} Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source |cat |LDLo |intravenous |5mg/kg (5mg/kg) |CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963. |- |guinea pig |LD50 |intravenous |12800ug/kg (12.8mg/kg) |Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 168, Pg. 373, 1967. |- |mouse |LD50 |intramuscular |750mg/kg (750mg/kg) |Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 112, Pg. 319, 1957. |- |mouse |LD50 |intraperitoneal |160mg/kg (160mg/kg) |Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Vol. 17, Pg. 31, 1973. |- |mouse |LD50 |intravenous |81mg/kg (81mg/kg) |BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963. |- |mouse |LD50 |oral |60mg/kg (60mg/kg) |Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. Vol. (3), Pg. 61, 1985. |- |mouse |LD50 |subcutaneous |601mg/kg (601mg/kg) |BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" |Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 26, Pg. 10, 1963. |- |mouse |LD50 |unreported |250mg/kg (250mg/kg) |"CRC Handbook of Antibiotic Compounds," Vols.1- , Berdy, J., Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1980Vol. 8(1), Pg. 122, 1982. |- |rat |LD50 |intravenous |30mg/kg (30mg/kg) |Psychopharmacology Service Center, Bulletin. Vol. 2, Pg. 17, 1963. |- |rat |LD50 |subcutaneous |285mg/kg (285mg/kg) |Psychopharmacology Service Center, Bulletin. Vol. 2, Pg. 17, 1963. |- |}

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