Tourism in india

From DrugPedia: A Wikipedia for Drug discovery

Current revision

India's amazing diversity offers you everything you could ever want in a holiday. From the moment that you set foot in India to be greeted by a graceful namaste, a gesturethat denotes both welcome and respect, you are on the way to one of the most rewarding experiences of your life.

Bounded by the majestic Himalayan ranges in the north and edged by a spectacular coastline surrounded by three seas, India is a vivid kaleidoscope of landscapes,magnificent historical sites and royal cities, golden beaches, misty mountain retreats, colorful people, rich cultures and festivities.

At any part of the year India can offer you a dazzling array of destinations and experiences. In summer, when the subcontinent is sizzling, there are spectacular retreats amidst the heady beauty of the Himalayas or the lush heights of the Western Ghats with cool trekking trails, tall peaks to conqueror stretches of white water for the adventure seekers.

In the cool of an Indian winter, cities come alive with cultural feasts of music and dance. The balmy weather is an ideal time for you to go century hopping in romantic cities studded with medieval forts and palaces. The sun drenched beaches are inviting and wildlife sanctuaries with their abundance of flora and fauna are a buzz with the nurture of the young.

You can taste the delights of the Indian monsoon anywhere in the country- on a camel safari in the Rajasthan desert when nature comes alive and the peacocks dance; along the west coast where the relentless slantingrain paints the countryside in brilliant greens or even trekking amidst the stark grandeur of mountain valleys lying in the rain shadow of the Himalayas.

Experience exotic India live like a maharaja in the rich ambiance of royal forts and palaces that are now heritage hotels; luxuriate in the serene beauty of a coral island with its turquoise lagoon; participate in the exuberance of a village fair or a colorful festival; day dream on a house boat drifting down the palm - fringed backwaters; delight in the grace of a dancer or shop till you drop - buying exquisite silks, carved figurines, brass and silver ware, marble inlaid with semi-precious stones,finely crafted jewelry, miniature paintings, carpets at unbelievable prices.

India, always warm and inviting, is a place of infinite variety - one that favors you with a different facet of its fascination every time you comeon a visit.

[edit] TOURISM IN RAJASTHAN

[edit] FACTS & FIGURES ON RAJASTHAN

[edit] INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM IN RAJASTHAN

The art of Rajasthan has attracted numerous visitors. Rajasthan- the Land of Kings, is a majestic tapestry of camels plodding over soft sand dunes of the Thar Desert. It is a kaleidoscope of brightly turbaned men with proud moustaches and women with twinkling anklets in colorful swirling ghagras. The landscape is dotted with island palaces shimmering on idyllic blue lakes; temples and fortresses situated on hilltops of the rugged and rocky Aravalli; exquisite palaces built during the reign of some of its many erstwhile Rajput dynasties; and well laid out gardens with pavilions and kiosks, all of which add to the splendor and whimsical charm of this majestic land. But, it is the art of Rajasthan that makes it such a popular tourist destination of India.

[edit] LOCATION OF RAJASTHAN

Located in northwest India, Rajasthan borders Punjab in the north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh in the northeast, Madhya Pradesh in the east and Gujarat in the south. On the western side it shares a long stretch of border with the neighboring country Pakistan. Situated on the Thar Desert, Rajasthan protects the western border of the country standing as the sentinel who never tires. The art of Rajasthan ensures that people visit the desert.

Rajasthan is diagonally divided into the hilly and rugged southeastern region and the barren Thar Desert, which extends across the border into Pakistan. Within these divisions however, it is a storehouse of varied physical feature or topographical diversity. The arid Thar also boasts of Mount Abu the only hill station in the state famous for its flora and fauna. While the Aravali hills provide the much-needed relief to this arid land, the wide spread sand dunes of the desert and arid region make it one of the toughest terrains in the world. Jodhpur (the second biggest city of the state) is the edge of the dry and shifting desert land from where on the not so arid but cultivable land starts. It is a store house of the art of Rajasthan. Moreover, the rocky range of Amber, hilly range of Mewar, river basin of Bharatpur and fertile Aravali range gives the topography of the state a unique look.

[edit] BEST TIME TO VISIT TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN

Rajasthan is one of the driest regions in India. Except in the hills of the Aravali range, temperature in most other parts of the state reaches the 40°C mark during the summer months. Winters are mild in Rajasthan with the temperatures ranging between 22°C and 8°C. The climate of Rajasthan is characterized by dry and hot winds. The rainfall, which is characteristically scanty, comes during the month of July and September. However rainfall is comparatively high in the hilly Aravalli range. The southwest region of the state, being on the tropical region is considerably humid. Thus, you may plan your travel trip to enjoy the art of Rajasthan accordingly.

[edit] HISTORY OF TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN

The past flavor lingers on. However, Rajasthan is much more than the imagination of few rulers. It is an identity created by people, who enjoy life and have ample proof to show for it.

The earliest inhabitants of Rajasthan belonged to the Great Harappan Civilization. This area saw the arrival of the horse riding Aryans from central Asia in about 2000 BC. The Mauryan dynasty-one of the first dynasties to rule over large parts of India controlled this area in about 400 AD. With the passing of time however this arid region became the scene of the ravaging onslaught brought about by the Huns and the Scythians. The settling of the Scythians in Rajasthan set the stage for the rise of the Rajputs who were the offspring's of the Indo-Scythians. With the passing of time this new race proliferated into a number of new clans. Rajasthan thus became the homeland of these groups of warrior clans, collectively called Rajputs, who dominated this region for over a thousand years. They carved out small kingdoms in this region during the 9th and 10th century AD that were often at war with each other. Due to this lack of unity, the Rajputs were unable to present a combined front against a common aggressor. This weakness ensured that every foreign aggressor in India created enough trouble for the Rajput rulers of Rajasthan. All this resulted in them being defeated or subjugated by the Mughals, who reduced them to the status of a vassal.

Nevertheless the bravery and, sense of pride and honor amongst Rajputs is unparallel in the history of India. Chivalry was the hallmark of the Rajputs. They fought with courage and determination. Death to defeat was the theme of Rajput warring ideology. They would face the enemy with all the might even if defeat were imminent; in which case jauhar was performed. In this grim ritual women and children would commit suicide by immersing themselves in a huge funeral pyre. It was for these qualities that some of the Rajputs rulers and chieftains adorned the court of most of the Mughal rulers especially Akbar. There warring skills were used to the fullest by Akbar who very effectively used the services of these brave fighters for the protection of his vast kingdom by inducting into his standing army. He also entered into matrimonial alliances with prominent Rajput families most important being the one with princess Jodha Bai, daughter of the Maharaja of Amber

With the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Rajputs were gradually able to recover their lost territories and status. These turn of events were however short-lived, as very soon the British set foot on the Indian mainland marking the beginning of one of the most eventful phase of Indian history. The British Raj, as it was popularly called, was characterized by many anew trends and practices. One of these was their policy of signing articles of alliances with most of the princely states in India that ensured their independent existence subject to certain political and economic restrictions. This marked the decline of the once mighty and powerful Rajput dynasties of this region.

After independence Rajasthan became an integral part of the Union of India under the new constitution.

[edit] FAIRS & FESTIVALS OF TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN

Rajasthan has all the usual Hindu and Muslim festivals, some celebrated with special local fervor as well as a number of festivals of its own. The exact dates, determined by the lunar calendar have specific religious significance.

Major festivals in the state are Camel Festival at Bikaner in January, Nagaur Fair in January - February; Desert Festival of Jaisalmer in February; Elephant Festival Jaipur; Gangaur Festival celebrated all over the state in March - April; Mewar Festival in Udaipur; Urs in Ajmer Sharif; Teej in the months of August; Marwar Festival at Jodhpur in October; and Camel and Cattle Fair of Pushkar in November

[edit] TOURISM SPOTS IN RAJASTHAN

Rajasthan is a classic blend of beauty and historicity. Indeed, the State has so much going for it that it's difficult to decide where to start. The very images that it conjures up are steeped in romance and beauty. A line of supercilious camels silhouetted against a magnificent desert sunset. A blur of swirling color as a Rajasthani belle dances to hypnotic music. The handsome, hawk-like face of a Rajput man, fiercely mustachioed, regally turbaned, reflecting an arrogance and power that can be traced several centuries back. It is the unyielding facade of a splendid fort or the delicate kiosks and balconies embellishing a palace wall. The bold, colorful sweep of a phat painting, depicting sword-bearing chieftains going off to battle, rainbow-hued dupattas, ghagras and cholis, twinkling with the light of a hundred tiny glinting mirrors. All of which add to attractions of this wonderland we call-Rajasthan.

Rajasthan's almost 80% of the places are regarded as the places of tourist interest. The old city of Jaipur, capital to the state of Rajasthan, painted pink that gives a magical glow to the city, is one of the must visit places of the state. The 250-year-old city of Jaipur, also known popularly as the Pink City is a startling blend of forts and palaces, teeming markets and all the bustle and modernity befitting the capital of India's second largest State. The Hawa Mahal, the exquisite City Palace and the incredible observatory of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II Central Museum, Nagar Garh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Amber, Albert Museum, Birla Mandir Planetarium, Sisodia Rani Park, Lakshmi Narain Temple, Kanak Vrindavan, The Rajmahal Palace, Rambagh Palace (now a Luxury hotel) and the Jantar Mantar are some of the sites that say about their contemporary time.

In the bleak desert that is Rajasthan, there is also a green oasis-Mount Abu, a cool hill station, a holy mountain retreat, the Aravali range; the verdant forests alive with a variety of flora and fauna; the stunning Dilwara Jain temples; the Nakki lake at 1,200 m above sea level; the city of Ajmer; the Dargah or tomb of the popular 13th-century; a number of monuments belonging to the Mughal era; the well-fed camels and citadels; the exotic camel safaris; the worship of thousands of holy rats at Mata Kali temple are some of the most interesting aspects of the state in general. The golden city of Jaisalmer, which lies courageously as the western sentinel of India, is a place worth visiting. Major points of attraction are Jaisalmer Fort, Manakchowk, Jain Temple, and different havelis.

Even further off the beaten track is the relatively unexplored Hadoti area of Rajasthan, comprising Kota, Bundi, Baran and Jhalawar. The princely State of Jhalawar, or the land of the Jhalas, was created in 1838, and unlike much of Rajasthan, has a rocky, but green and water laden landscape.

[edit] HOW TO REACH TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN RAJASTHAN

BY AIR - Rajasthan is well connected by air with almost all the major cities of India. A number of airlines both, government as well as private have regular flights connecting the state with rest of the country. The five airports of the state are, Sanganer, Jaipur, Jaisalmer, Udaipur and Kota.

BY RAIL - Rajasthan is well connected by a good network of rail. It connects the state with almost all the places of interest in the country. But comparing to the railway option, the roadways are more preferable, as well as, recommended as the railway tracks are mostly meter gauge and hence time consuming.

BY ROAD - The best way to visit Rajasthan is by road. A good number of Government and private buses ply to the state connecting it with its nearby places of interest. Moreover, taxis and other vehicles are also available on hire from many places to the state.

[edit] MAJOR CITIES OF RAJASTHAN

Ajmer Alwar Badnore Bharatpur National Park Bikaner Chittorgarh Bundi Dilwara Temple Deeg Dungarpur Dundlod Ghanerao Jaipur Jaisalmer Jodhpur Khimsar Kota Kalibanga The Kanak Vrindavan Valley Kumbhalgarh Mandawa Mount Abu Nawalgarh Neemrana Fort Palace Pushkar Ranakpur Ranthambore Sambhar Lake Samode Sardar Samand Sariska Sariska National Park Udaipur

[edit] AJMER

FACTS & FIGURES

Language Hindi and Urdu Best time to visit October-March STD Code 0145

===INTRODUCTION===

The city of Ajmer is famous as a pilgrim place. It houses the Dargah or tomb of the popular 13th-century, Sufi Saint Hazrat Khwaja Moinuddin Hasan Chisti. Millions of pilgrims from all over the world throng Ajmer to attend the death anniversary of the great saint every year. The city also boasts of a number of monuments belonging to the Mughal era. The city is also known for its traditional handicrafts. 

[edit] =LOCATION

The city of Ajmer is located in the state of Rajasthan, in the northwestern part of India. It lies 130 km southwest of Jaipur. It is flanked by the Ana Sagar Lake on one side and barren hills of the Aravali range on the other side. Ajmer is drained by streams of the Luni River flowing southwestward and by tributaries of the Banas River flowing eastward. The climate of Ajmer is hot. The maximum temperature can go up to 45°C in summers (April-June). Winters are cool (November-February).

===BEST TIME TO VISIT===

The best time to visit Ajmer is in winters (November-February). It can also be visited in the seventh month of the lunar calendar every year when the annual Urs festival is held to commemorate the death of the Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti.

[edit] HISTORY

Ajmer was founded by Ajayadeva, an 11th-century local Rajput ruler. It was shortly annexed by Delhi Sultanate in 1193, but returned to the local rulers, upon payment of tribute. Ajmer was also sacked by Mohammed Ghori in one of the many raids carried out by him on India. Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti, the patron Saint of Ajmer, came here from Persia at the end of the 12th century. Ajmer became the part of the mighty Mughal Empire during the medieval period and was an important military center. Military campaigns against local Rajput rulers were initiated from Ajmer. Akbar built a fort here. The first contact between the Mughals and the British also happened in Ajmer, when Jahangir met Sir Thomas Roe in 1616. Shahjahan built marble pavilions around the Ana Sagar Lake in the 17th century. The Scindia rulers of Gwalior took over Ajmer, which was later taken over by the British in 1818. The British founded the famous Mayo College, a prestigious school here, in 1875.

===TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS===

The most important tourist spot of Ajmer is the Dargah or tomb of Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti. The Ana Sagar Lake and Daulat Bagh are other important sites within the city. Ajmer also has an imposing fort built by Akbar. It also houses the government museum within it. The Nasiyan (Red) Jain Temple built in the 19th century is also worth paying a visit.

[edit] =PLACES AROUND AJMER

Adhai-din-ka-Jhompara mosque is on the outskirts of the city. Three kilometers beyond the mosque and located on a steep hill is the Taragarh Fort, which offers a breathtaking view of Ajmer city. The small town of Kishangarh is located 27 km from Ajmer and is famous for its traditional miniature paintings. Roopangarh Fort is 52 km from Ajmer and can be reached via Kishangarh.

[edit] FAIRS AND FESTIVALS

The main festival of Ajmer is the celebration of the Urs held every year in the seventh month (date varies) of the lunar calendar. A number of Qawali (traditional Muslim recital of devotional verse) functions are held within the Dargah or tomb.

[edit] HOW TO REACH

==BY RAIL== - Ajmer is also accessible by train, as it is located on the main Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmedabad-Mumbai line. There are different means of transport available to the traveler to move around in Ajmer.

==BY ROAD== - Ajmer is accessible by road from both Jaipur and Delhi. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

[edit] ALWAR

FACTS & FIGURES

Area 44.76 sq km

Language Hindi, Rajasthani and English

Best time to visit September-February

STD Code 0144

[edit] INTRODUCTION

The city of Alwar is referred to as the gateway to the historic and colorful state of Rajasthan, which is located in the northwestern part of India. However, it is more than a mere gateway to the rich cultural treasure that lies beyond: Alwar has its own heritage, which goes back to the mythological legends of the Mahabharata. Alwar has had a chequered history and has been a witness to many rules and rulers. It offers the traveler many sites of historical importance. The ride on the special train, the Fairy Queen is an added attraction of Alwar.

[edit] LOCATION

Alwar city is located in the northeastern part of the state of Rajasthan. It lies 170 km south of Delhi and is 150 Km from Jaipur. It is flanked by the barren hills of the Aravali range. The climate of Alwar is temperate, but compared to other cities and towns of Rajasthan it is not too hot. Summers can be hot (April-June) but winters are cool and pleasant (November-February). The cragged hills that surround Alwar protect it from being too hot in summers.

[edit] BEST TIME TO VISIT

Though the weather of Alwar is moderate, it is advisable to visit it in the winter season (September-February).

[edit] HISTORY

The origin of Alwar city goes back to the time of the Mahabharata. It was a part of the ancient kingdom of Matsya and it is said that legendary Pandava brothers had spent some time of their exile there. The ancient state of Alwar was probably the oldest kingdom in the state of Rajasthan. It is said that the city was founded by a member of the Kachh family hailing from the town of Amber. The local Rajput rulers of Alwar had a sweet-bitter relation with the rulers of Delhi in the early medieval period and there was a constant struggle to take control of Alwar. As Alwar was located at a strategic place, the Mughals annexed it and used it to mount military campaigns against the erstwhile Rajput principalities and states. The decline of the Mughal rule saw a brief struggle between Jat and Rajput rulers. Later Pratap Singh, a noble, restored parity in 1775. The descendents of Pratap Singh were great patrons of art and under their rule Alwar became an important cultural center. The later rulers forged an alliance with the British that soon broke off, with the latter taking over Alwar.

[edit] TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

The Bala Quila (Fort) and the sprawling city palace complex or Viney Vilas Mahal are main tourist attractions of Alwar. The lake beside the city palace is a good tourist spot. The government museum is located within the city palace complex. The tomb of Tarang Sultan is another place to visit.

[edit] PLACES AROUND ALWAR

The town of Silisher, famous for its lake, palace lies 20 km southwest of Alwar. Twelve kilometers from Alwar is the small hill fort of Kesroli. Seventy-five kilometers north of Alwar is the popular restored fort palace of Neemrana. The thickly wooded Sariska Tiger Reserve is 37 km from Alwar. The picturesque Jai Samand Lake lies 6 km from Alwar.

[edit] HOW TO REACH

==BY ROAD== - Alwar is well connected to different cities around it by road. Alwar is linked with Sariska, Bharatpur, Deeg and Jaipur by road.

==BY RAIL== - An exciting and exotic train runs from Delhi to Alwar. It is the famous Fairy Queen, which is the oldest running steam locomotive in the world. The hospitality and the luxury of this toy train are exceptional. It takes about 3-4 hours to reach Alwar. One can enjoy the scenery of the surroundings en route. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

[edit] BADNORE

===INTRODUCTION=== 

The Maharajas have all gone and so have the times. What remains are ruins from the past, legacies of a bygone era. Yet, history was made here and for those who recognize this, much still remains to be seen. The little village of Badnore in Rajasthan is one such testimony.

[edit] =LOCATION

Badnore is situated in the Indian state of Rajasthan around 90 km from Ajmer. This little village is associated with many legends and stories of bravery and sacrifice. The place is connected by a good network of roads to other places in the region.

[edit] HISTORY

Nestling amidst one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, the Aravalis, at a height of 2,100 feet, Badnore was originally known as Vardhanpur. Though established eons back, it is still uncertain as to whose initiative it was. From the local ballads, one gathers that a particular Parmar king, by the name of Badna, had founded the village of Badnapur in 845 BC, which later came to be known as Badnore. However, this is perhaps only folklore with no element of truth in is as there is no written evidence to support it. As derived from ancient texts, it is more likely to have been founded by Raja Harsha Vardhan of Kannauj.

Surrounded by the Chauhans in the east, the Parmars in the south, and the Solankis in the west who remained constantly at war with each other, Badnore obviously remained in the hands of the victor, till captured by the Mughals.

Maharana Kumbha gained supremacy over the land in 1490 and to commemorate his victory, he built the temple of Kushala Mata and the Kushal Sagar Lake, now known as Vinodsagar. A perpetual ground for the clash of different clans, it was ultimately the Rathores who held permanent sway over Badnore.

Rao Jaimal, grandson of Rao Dudaji and brother of the legendary poetess Mirabai, is the most revered name in the history of this region. He was granted Badnore in 1554 by Maharana Udai Singh of Udaipur with 1,000 other villages. His short though extremely eventful reign was marked by many decisive battles and jubilant victories. In the year 1567, when Akbar decided to attack Chittor, the fort was guarded by Rao Jaimal himself, the Maharana having shifted to Udaipur. It was a gory battle that lasted for several months, where very often Akbar himself came close to death. Jaimal, wounded in the course of battle, was unable to mount a horse. Instead, astride a soldier's shoulders with swords flashing in both his hands, he put up a fine show of bravery and finally succumbed to his fatal wounds.

It is an established fact that Akbar, extremely impressed by Jaimal and Patta (another soldier of similar repute), installed their life-size statues at the main entrance of Agra fort. The statues were shifted to Delhi when Akbar changed his capital where later they were destroyed by Aurangzeb's virulent fanaticism.

In a recent excavation, a more than 2,000-year-old inscription has been found very near the village, proving the strategic location of the region on an ancient trade route. The engraved letters on the rock are of Ashoka-Brahmi script, prevalent around the third century BC.

[edit] TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

Built atop a hillock is the majestic seven-storied fort that commands a view of the village below. On the banks of Vinodsagar, one of the lakes, is Jalmahal (used for residential purpose now), which affords a superb view of crystal waters, mirroring the myriad culture in its unfathomable depth.

Below the Jalmahal, is Grishma Niwas or the Summer House, overlooking a huge garden. In its midst is a step-well (baoli)-a rare ubiquity in this region, as step-wells are mostly found in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. Constructed by Thakur Govind Singh in 1897, the square enclosure has steps leading right down on three sides and an eight-pillared balcony extends on the fourth side.

The entrance to the fort, called the Bada Darwaza, has two archaic temples on both sides. Inside, the stables were on either side and there was an ancient temple, which was constructed in 1584. Further ahead, were the prisons, with separate cells for incarceration of men and women.

The road that leads up to the fort or Garh is motorable. Looming large, the Garh seems a perfect blend of strength and beauty, bearing the indisputable mantle of pride. This mammoth bastion that could house an entire battalion still has over 130 rooms, which can be used.

The rugged, yet the delicately proportioned stories, belie the architectural skill of a genre where imagination remained the only source of esthetics. The quaint balconies and the countless domed jharokhas that previously offered ventilation now offer a peep into the Arcadian lives of a bygone era and the sublime past seems encapsulated in the ambience, even today.

Badnore has several temples-of which few require special mention-that could easily be a antiquarian's delight. Towards the west is an old temple (the date of its construction is unknown), dedicated to Vairat (Chamunda) Devi. In the heart of the village, near the fort, is an age-old Jain temple that has statues of 12 tirthankaras. From the inscriptions, it is evident that it was constructed in AD 1135. Just a kilometer away, is Kushala Mata's temple, which is believed to have been constructed by Maharana Kumbha of Mewar.

[edit] PLACES AROUND BADNORE

A mile away from Badnore, towards the west is Araam Bhawan (also called the Shooting Lodge), easily accessible by a metallic road. Situated among dense foliage, it was built for espying wild animals, without so much as disturbing them and also taking an easy aim from one of the many shooting boxes. The walls and the ceiling inside are embellished with patterns made from colored glass. A particular jharokha is adorned meticulously with miniscule pieces of glass of varied colors, giving it the appearance of meenakari work. The human figures on the sides are painted with natural colors.

[edit] HOW TO REACH

BY ROAD - A little off the National Highway, between Jaipur-Udaipur, near Beawar town, lies the ancient village Badnore, a principality of the erstwhile Mewar state. Buses are available for this place from Ajmer, Jaipur, and Udaipur. Taxis are also available on hire. The place is at a distance of 90 km from the town of Ajmer.